Binance Hack

TOTAL LOST $41.7M
High #144 All-Time Access Control

Summarize with AI

Affected Chain 2019 Incident surface
Recovered - No recovery reported
All-Time Rank #144 By amount stolen
Auditors 1 Prior security audit

Incident Overview

Binance's hot wallet was hacked, leading to a loss of 7,074 bitcoins (BTC) worth nearly $42.8 million.

The breach resulted in about 7,074 bitcoins (BTC) — worth nearly $42.8 million — being stolen from the exchange’s hot wallet. The transaction had 44 outputs, 21 of which were native Segregated Witness addresses, and those addresses received 99.97% of the funds. The funds from those 44 addresses have since been moved to seven addresses, six of which hold 1,060.6 BTC, while one holds 707.1 BTC.

The transaction behind the attack:

https://www.blockchain.com/btc/tx/e8b406091959700dbffcff30a60b190133721e5c39e89bb5fe23c5a554ab05ea

Further movements of the stolen funds:

https://twitter.com/Coinfirm_io/status/1126116760732749824

Incident Report

Protocol / Project Binance
Date of Incident
Attack Technique Access Control
Classification CeFi

Protocol Information

Protocol Type Yield
Official Website www.binance.com/
Protocol Twitter/X @binance
Team Anonymous
Source Code Unverified

Market Context at Time of Hack

Token Categories
Ethereum Ecosystem Yield Aggregator

What the Attacker Needed to Succeed

Understanding the prerequisites for this type of attack helps auditors identify protocols that are most at risk and helps developers build better defenses.

Technical Knowledge Operational-security tradecraft (phishing, malware, leaked seed phrases, or insider access) to obtain treasury signing authority
Capital Required Minimal capital - only enough to cover gas while draining the compromised accounts
On-Chain Access Valid signing authority over the compromised wallets / multisig signers, allowing direct transfer of funds or stake authorization
Target Reconnaissance Identification of Binance's high-value treasury accounts and the authority / multisig structure controlling them
Execution Speed Speed to drain the compromised accounts before the team detects the breach and revokes signing authority or freezes the assets
Obfuscation Plan A strategy to launder and move stolen funds - typically through mixers, cross-chain bridges, or decentralized DEX swaps to resist tracing

What Auditors Should Check

Could this have been caught in audit? Likely — with a thorough Access Control audit checklist and test coverage
Audited by Audit Report 1 — still lost $41.7M. Prior audits don't guarantee safety, especially after post-audit code changes.

If you're auditing a protocol with similar architecture to Binance, these are the critical security checks that could have prevented this incident (May 2019).

  • Verify all logic paths related to Access Control are guarded by proper access controls and input validation - see the Access Control Attacks attack class for patterns
  • Review privileged functions (owner, admin, governance) for potential abuse vectors - centralization risks should be documented and bounded with timelocks or multi-sigs

Master these auditing techniques with hands-on labs and real exploit scenarios in the Smart Contract Hacking course.

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Security Audit History

Related Attack Classes

The technique used in this hack maps to these vulnerability classes in our security curriculum:

See all Access Control Attacks examples →

Sources & References

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