Swan Treasury Hack
Reported loss
$625K
Off-Chain Signer Key Compromise
What happened
Swan Treasury lost an estimated $625,000 on BNB Chain after an off-chain signer key was compromised. The attacker used the key to buy STY at a deep signed discount and sold the tokens for profit.
Technical root cause
A compromised off-chain signer could authorize arbitrary purchase discounts.
How it happened
A compromised signer generated valid discount signatures for the attacker’s wallet. A flash loan funded the purchase, after which the attacker sold the discounted STY into the STY-USDT pool.
Protocol details
Classification
Key Compromise
Protocol Type
DeFi Protocol
Implementation language
Solidity
Understand the attack patterns
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