Incident Overview
Zunami Yield Aggregator Suffers Flash Loan Attack; Loss of $2,177,741 Worth Approximately 1,180 ETH.
On August 13th, 2023, Zunami, a Yield Aggregator on the Ethereum chain, was compromised through a flash loan attack. The attacker exploited a price manipulation issue in two transactions, utilizing a donation method to miscalculate the price. The stolen funds, totaling $2,177,741 or roughly 1,180 ETH, were deposited into TornadoCash, a privacy solution for anonymizing transactions.
Attacker Address:
https://etherscan.io/address/0x5f4C21c9…B146DF
Malicious Transactions:
https://etherscan.io/tx/0x0788ba22…e8cceb
https://etherscan.io/tx/0x2aec4fdb…690cca
Malicious Contract:
https://etherscan.io/address/0xA21a2B59…0e5d75
TornadoCash Deposit Transaction:
https://etherscan.io/tx/0x507dcec5…36f5b7
Incident Report
Protocol Information
What the Attacker Needed to Succeed
Understanding the prerequisites for this type of attack helps auditors identify protocols that are most at risk and helps developers build better defenses.
What Auditors Should Check
If you're auditing a protocol with similar architecture to Zunami Protocol, these are the critical security checks that could have prevented this incident (August 2023).
- Verify all logic paths related to Price Manipulation Attack / Flash Loan Attack are guarded by proper access controls and input validation - see the Flash Loans Attacks attack class for patterns
- Audit oracle price feeds for manipulation risks - ensure time-weighted average prices (TWAPs) or multi-source aggregators are used, not spot prices
- Review privileged functions (owner, admin, governance) for potential abuse vectors - centralization risks should be documented and bounded with timelocks or multi-sigs
Master these auditing techniques with hands-on labs and real exploit scenarios in the Smart Contract Hacking course.
Free TrialSecurity Audit History
- Audit Report 1 Report
Related Attack Classes
The technique used in this hack maps to these vulnerability classes in our security curriculum:
Sources & References
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